zedoku

obvious single

level 2 - easy

also known as: naked single, only one option

what it means

when you write down all possible numbers for a cell, if only one number is possible, that's the answer. it's the most straightforward technique in sudoku!

example 1: the lonely candidate

look at this cell. after checking what numbers already appear in its row, column, and 3×3 box, only one number can possibly go there.

the highlighted cell can only be 6

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
2
1
4
3
123456789
5
8
9
7
3
6
5
8
9
7
2
1
4
8
9
7
2
1
4
3
6
5
5
3
1
6
4
2
9
7
8
6
4
2
9
7
8
5
3
1
9
7
8
5
3
1
6
4
2

example 2: from many to one

sometimes you start with multiple candidates. as you fill in other cells, candidates get eliminated one by one until only the single remains.

before: multiple candidates noted

5
3
123456789
123456789
7
123456789
123456789
123456789
123456789
6
123456789
123456789
1
9
5
123456789
123456789
123456789
123456789
9
8
123456789
123456789
123456789
123456789
6
123456789
8
123456789
123456789
123456789
6
123456789
123456789
123456789
3
4
123456789
123456789
8
123456789
3
123456789
123456789
1
7
123456789
123456789
123456789
2
123456789
123456789
123456789
6
123456789
6
123456789
123456789
123456789
123456789
2
8
123456789
123456789
123456789
123456789
4
1
9
123456789
123456789
5
123456789
123456789
123456789
123456789
8
123456789
123456789
7
9

after: only 4 remains - obvious single!

5
3
123456789
123456789
7
123456789
123456789
123456789
123456789
6
123456789
123456789
1
9
5
123456789
123456789
123456789
123456789
9
8
123456789
123456789
123456789
123456789
6
123456789
8
123456789
123456789
123456789
6
123456789
123456789
123456789
3
4
123456789
123456789
8
123456789
3
123456789
123456789
1
7
123456789
123456789
123456789
2
123456789
123456789
123456789
6
123456789
6
123456789
123456789
123456789
123456789
2
8
123456789
123456789
123456789
123456789
4
1
9
123456789
123456789
5
123456789
123456789
123456789
123456789
8
123456789
123456789
7
9

example 3: multiple singles

a puzzle can have several obvious singles at once. each one you find makes the next one easier to spot!

multiple obvious singles can exist in a puzzle

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
2
1
4
3
6
5
8
9
7
3
6
5
8
9
7
2
1
4
8
9
7
2
1
4
3
6
5
5
3
1
6
4
2
9
7
8
6
4
2
9
7
8
5
3
1
9
7
8
5
3
1
6
4
2
cell [0,0] = 1cell [4,4] = 9cell [8,8] = 2

🍦 the ice cream shop analogy

imagine you walk into an ice cream shop. you look at the menu and see:

  • chocolate — sold out
  • strawberry — sold out
  • mint — sold out
  • vanilla — available!

if only vanilla is left, you get vanilla! 🎉

that's exactly how an obvious single works — when only one number is possible, that's your answer!

how to find obvious singles

  1. pick an empty cell
  2. check which numbers (1-9) are already used in:
    • the same row
    • the same column
    • the same 3×3 box
  3. write down (as small numbers) which digits are still possible
  4. if only one digit remains — congratulations, you found an obvious single!

quick summary

obvious single: a cell with exactly one valid candidate. when all other numbers are eliminated by row, column, and box constraints, the remaining number must be correct.

← last possible numbernext: hidden single →